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Collate İfadesi İle Atanmış Olan Collation De.. Collate İfadesi İle Atanmış Olan Collation De.. MySQL'de Character Set ve Collation Ayarları MySQL'de Collation İsimlerindeki Kısaltmalar MySQL'de Desteklenen Collation'ları Öğrenme MySQL'de Desteklenen Karakter Setlerini Öğren.. MySQL'de Türkçe Karakterlerin Veritabanına So.. MySQL 5.5 Desteklediği Collation'lar MySQL 5.5 Desteklediği Karakter Set MYSQL için JDBC URL'e UTF-8 Desteği Ekleyerek..

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Veri

MySQL 5.5 Desteklediği Karakter Set

MySQL 5.5 aşağıdaki karakter setlerini desteklemektedir :

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+
| Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+
| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |
| dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |
| cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |
| hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |
| koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |
| latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |
| latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |
| swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |
| ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |
| ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |
| sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |
| hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |
| tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |
| euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |
| koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |
| gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |
| greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |
| cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |
| gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |
| latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |
| utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |
| ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |
| cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |
| keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |
| macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |
| macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |
| cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |
| latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |
| cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |
| cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |
| cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |
| binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |
| geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |
| cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |
| eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |


Not : SHOW CHARACTER SET; komutunu çalıştırarak yukarıdaki listeyi alabilirsiniz

Veri

MySQL 5.5 Desteklediği Collation'lar

MySQL 5.5 aşağıdaki collation'ları desteklemektedir :

+-----------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| Collation             | Charset  | Id  | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
+-----------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| big5_chinese_ci       | big5     |   1 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| big5_bin              | big5     |  84 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| dec8_swedish_ci       | dec8     |   3 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| dec8_bin              | dec8     |  69 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp850_general_ci      | cp850    |   4 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp850_bin             | cp850    |  80 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| hp8_english_ci        | hp8      |   6 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| hp8_bin               | hp8      |  72 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8r_general_ci      | koi8r    |   7 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8r_bin             | koi8r    |  74 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_german1_ci     | latin1   |   5 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_swedish_ci     | latin1   |   8 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_danish_ci      | latin1   |  15 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_german2_ci     | latin1   |  31 |         | Yes      |       2 |
| latin1_bin            | latin1   |  47 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_general_ci     | latin1   |  48 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_general_cs     | latin1   |  49 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_spanish_ci     | latin1   |  94 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_czech_cs       | latin2   |   2 |         | Yes      |       4 |
| latin2_general_ci     | latin2   |   9 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_hungarian_ci   | latin2   |  21 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_croatian_ci    | latin2   |  27 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_bin            | latin2   |  77 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| swe7_swedish_ci       | swe7     |  10 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| swe7_bin              | swe7     |  82 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| ascii_general_ci      | ascii    |  11 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| ascii_bin             | ascii    |  65 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| ujis_japanese_ci      | ujis     |  12 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| ujis_bin              | ujis     |  91 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| sjis_japanese_ci      | sjis     |  13 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| sjis_bin              | sjis     |  88 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| hebrew_general_ci     | hebrew   |  16 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| hebrew_bin            | hebrew   |  71 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| tis620_thai_ci        | tis620   |  18 | Yes     | Yes      |       4 |
| tis620_bin            | tis620   |  89 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| euckr_korean_ci       | euckr    |  19 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| euckr_bin             | euckr    |  85 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8u_general_ci      | koi8u    |  22 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8u_bin             | koi8u    |  75 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| gb2312_chinese_ci     | gb2312   |  24 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| gb2312_bin            | gb2312   |  86 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| greek_general_ci      | greek    |  25 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| greek_bin             | greek    |  70 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_general_ci     | cp1250   |  26 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_czech_cs       | cp1250   |  34 |         | Yes      |       2 |
| cp1250_croatian_ci    | cp1250   |  44 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_bin            | cp1250   |  66 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_polish_ci      | cp1250   |  99 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| gbk_chinese_ci        | gbk      |  28 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| gbk_bin               | gbk      |  87 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin5_turkish_ci     | latin5   |  30 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin5_bin            | latin5   |  78 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| armscii8_general_ci   | armscii8 |  32 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| armscii8_bin          | armscii8 |  64 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8_general_ci       | utf8     |  33 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8_bin              | utf8     |  83 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8_unicode_ci       | utf8     | 192 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_icelandic_ci     | utf8     | 193 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_latvian_ci       | utf8     | 194 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_romanian_ci      | utf8     | 195 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_slovenian_ci     | utf8     | 196 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_polish_ci        | utf8     | 197 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_estonian_ci      | utf8     | 198 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_spanish_ci       | utf8     | 199 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_swedish_ci       | utf8     | 200 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_turkish_ci       | utf8     | 201 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_czech_ci         | utf8     | 202 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_danish_ci        | utf8     | 203 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_lithuanian_ci    | utf8     | 204 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_slovak_ci        | utf8     | 205 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_spanish2_ci      | utf8     | 206 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_roman_ci         | utf8     | 207 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_persian_ci       | utf8     | 208 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_esperanto_ci     | utf8     | 209 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_hungarian_ci     | utf8     | 210 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_sinhala_ci       | utf8     | 211 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_general_ci       | ucs2     |  35 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| ucs2_bin              | ucs2     |  90 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| ucs2_unicode_ci       | ucs2     | 128 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_icelandic_ci     | ucs2     | 129 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_latvian_ci       | ucs2     | 130 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_romanian_ci      | ucs2     | 131 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_slovenian_ci     | ucs2     | 132 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_polish_ci        | ucs2     | 133 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_estonian_ci      | ucs2     | 134 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_spanish_ci       | ucs2     | 135 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_swedish_ci       | ucs2     | 136 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_turkish_ci       | ucs2     | 137 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_czech_ci         | ucs2     | 138 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_danish_ci        | ucs2     | 139 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_lithuanian_ci    | ucs2     | 140 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_slovak_ci        | ucs2     | 141 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_spanish2_ci      | ucs2     | 142 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_roman_ci         | ucs2     | 143 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_persian_ci       | ucs2     | 144 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_esperanto_ci     | ucs2     | 145 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_hungarian_ci     | ucs2     | 146 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_sinhala_ci       | ucs2     | 147 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| cp866_general_ci      | cp866    |  36 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp866_bin             | cp866    |  68 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| keybcs2_general_ci    | keybcs2  |  37 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| keybcs2_bin           | keybcs2  |  73 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| macce_general_ci      | macce    |  38 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| macce_bin             | macce    |  43 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| macroman_general_ci   | macroman |  39 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| macroman_bin          | macroman |  53 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp852_general_ci      | cp852    |  40 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp852_bin             | cp852    |  81 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_estonian_cs    | latin7   |  20 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_general_ci     | latin7   |  41 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_general_cs     | latin7   |  42 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_bin            | latin7   |  79 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8mb4_general_ci    | utf8mb4  |  45 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8mb4_bin           | utf8mb4  |  46 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8mb4_unicode_ci    | utf8mb4  | 224 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_icelandic_ci  | utf8mb4  | 225 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_latvian_ci    | utf8mb4  | 226 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_romanian_ci   | utf8mb4  | 227 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_slovenian_ci  | utf8mb4  | 228 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_polish_ci     | utf8mb4  | 229 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_estonian_ci   | utf8mb4  | 230 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_spanish_ci    | utf8mb4  | 231 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_swedish_ci    | utf8mb4  | 232 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_turkish_ci    | utf8mb4  | 233 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_czech_ci      | utf8mb4  | 234 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_danish_ci     | utf8mb4  | 235 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_lithuanian_ci | utf8mb4  | 236 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_slovak_ci     | utf8mb4  | 237 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_spanish2_ci   | utf8mb4  | 238 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_roman_ci      | utf8mb4  | 239 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_persian_ci    | utf8mb4  | 240 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_esperanto_ci  | utf8mb4  | 241 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_hungarian_ci  | utf8mb4  | 242 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_sinhala_ci    | utf8mb4  | 243 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| cp1251_bulgarian_ci   | cp1251   |  14 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_ukrainian_ci   | cp1251   |  23 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_bin            | cp1251   |  50 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_general_ci     | cp1251   |  51 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_general_cs     | cp1251   |  52 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf16_general_ci      | utf16    |  54 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf16_bin             | utf16    |  55 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf16_unicode_ci      | utf16    | 101 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_icelandic_ci    | utf16    | 102 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_latvian_ci      | utf16    | 103 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_romanian_ci     | utf16    | 104 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_slovenian_ci    | utf16    | 105 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_polish_ci       | utf16    | 106 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_estonian_ci     | utf16    | 107 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_spanish_ci      | utf16    | 108 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_swedish_ci      | utf16    | 109 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_turkish_ci      | utf16    | 110 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_czech_ci        | utf16    | 111 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_danish_ci       | utf16    | 112 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_lithuanian_ci   | utf16    | 113 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_slovak_ci       | utf16    | 114 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_spanish2_ci     | utf16    | 115 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_roman_ci        | utf16    | 116 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_persian_ci      | utf16    | 117 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_esperanto_ci    | utf16    | 118 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_hungarian_ci    | utf16    | 119 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_sinhala_ci      | utf16    | 120 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| cp1256_general_ci     | cp1256   |  57 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1256_bin            | cp1256   |  67 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1257_lithuanian_ci  | cp1257   |  29 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1257_bin            | cp1257   |  58 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1257_general_ci     | cp1257   |  59 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf32_general_ci      | utf32    |  60 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf32_bin             | utf32    |  61 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf32_unicode_ci      | utf32    | 160 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_icelandic_ci    | utf32    | 161 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_latvian_ci      | utf32    | 162 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_romanian_ci     | utf32    | 163 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_slovenian_ci    | utf32    | 164 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_polish_ci       | utf32    | 165 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_estonian_ci     | utf32    | 166 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_spanish_ci      | utf32    | 167 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_swedish_ci      | utf32    | 168 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_turkish_ci      | utf32    | 169 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_czech_ci        | utf32    | 170 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_danish_ci       | utf32    | 171 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_lithuanian_ci   | utf32    | 172 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_slovak_ci       | utf32    | 173 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_spanish2_ci     | utf32    | 174 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_roman_ci        | utf32    | 175 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_persian_ci      | utf32    | 176 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_esperanto_ci    | utf32    | 177 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_hungarian_ci    | utf32    | 178 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_sinhala_ci      | utf32    | 179 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| binary                | binary   |  63 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| geostd8_general_ci    | geostd8  |  92 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| geostd8_bin           | geostd8  |  93 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp932_japanese_ci     | cp932    |  95 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp932_bin             | cp932    |  96 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| eucjpms_japanese_ci   | eucjpms  |  97 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| eucjpms_bin           | eucjpms  |  98 |         | Yes      |       1 |

Veri

MySQL'de Collation İsimlerindeki Kısaltmalar

MySQL'de Collation isimlerindeki  _ci , _cs ve _bin kısaltmalarının anlamı aşağıdaki gibidir : 

  • _ci : Collation isimlerinde case insensitive (büyük-küçük harfe duyarlı değil) ifadesinin kısaltması. _ci geçen collection isimlerinde karşılaştırmalarda büyük-küçük ayrımı gözetilmez. Örneğin A ile a aynıdır
  • _cs : Collation isimlerinde case sensitive (büyük-küçük harfe duyarlı) ifadesinin kısaltması. _cs geçen collection isimlerinde karşılaştırmalarda büyük-küçük ayrımı gözetilir. Örneğin A ile a farklıdır
  • _bin : Collation isimlerinde binary ifadesinin kısaltması. Karşılaştırmalarda karakterlerin binary değerleri karşılaştırılır

 


Veri

MySQL'de Character Set ve Collation Ayarları

MySQL'de bir tablo yaratılırken caracter set ve collation aşağıdaki gibi ayarlanabilir : 

 

CREATE TABLE tbl_name (column_list) 
 [[DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET charset_name]
[COLLATE collation_name]]

tablo değiştirilirken :

ALTER TABLE tbl_name 
[[DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET charset_name]
[COLLATE collation_name]

Örnek : 

CREATE TABLE t1 ( ... ) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_turkish_ci;


İpucu

MySQL'de Desteklenen Karakter Setlerini Öğrenme

MySQL'de desteklenen karakter setlerini öğrenmek için aşağıdaki komutu kullanabilirsiniz : 

SHOW CHARACTER SET;

Bu komut çalıştırıldığında aşağıdaki gibi bir çıktı verecektir : 

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+
| Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+
| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |
| dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |
| cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |
| hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |
| koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |
| latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |
| latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |
| swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |
| ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |
| ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |
| sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |
| hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |
| tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |
| euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |
| koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |
| gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |
| greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |
| cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |
| gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |
| latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |
| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |
| utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |
| ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |
| cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |
| keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |
| macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |
| macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |
| cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |
| latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |
| cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |
| cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |
| cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |
| binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |
| geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |
| cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |
| eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |
+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+

İpucu

MySQL'de Desteklenen Collation'ları Öğrenme

MySQL'de desteklenen collation'ları öğrenmek için aşağıdaki komutu kullanabilirsiniz : 

SHOW COLLATION;

Bu komut çalıştırıldığında aşağıdaki gibi bir çıktı verecektir : 

+-----------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| Collation             | Charset  | Id  | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
+-----------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+
| big5_chinese_ci       | big5     |   1 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| big5_bin              | big5     |  84 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| dec8_swedish_ci       | dec8     |   3 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| dec8_bin              | dec8     |  69 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp850_general_ci      | cp850    |   4 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp850_bin             | cp850    |  80 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| hp8_english_ci        | hp8      |   6 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| hp8_bin               | hp8      |  72 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8r_general_ci      | koi8r    |   7 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8r_bin             | koi8r    |  74 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_german1_ci     | latin1   |   5 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_swedish_ci     | latin1   |   8 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_danish_ci      | latin1   |  15 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_german2_ci     | latin1   |  31 |         | Yes      |       2 |
| latin1_bin            | latin1   |  47 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_general_ci     | latin1   |  48 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_general_cs     | latin1   |  49 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin1_spanish_ci     | latin1   |  94 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_czech_cs       | latin2   |   2 |         | Yes      |       4 |
| latin2_general_ci     | latin2   |   9 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_hungarian_ci   | latin2   |  21 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_croatian_ci    | latin2   |  27 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin2_bin            | latin2   |  77 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| swe7_swedish_ci       | swe7     |  10 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| swe7_bin              | swe7     |  82 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| ascii_general_ci      | ascii    |  11 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| ascii_bin             | ascii    |  65 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| ujis_japanese_ci      | ujis     |  12 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| ujis_bin              | ujis     |  91 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| sjis_japanese_ci      | sjis     |  13 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| sjis_bin              | sjis     |  88 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| hebrew_general_ci     | hebrew   |  16 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| hebrew_bin            | hebrew   |  71 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| tis620_thai_ci        | tis620   |  18 | Yes     | Yes      |       4 |
| tis620_bin            | tis620   |  89 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| euckr_korean_ci       | euckr    |  19 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| euckr_bin             | euckr    |  85 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8u_general_ci      | koi8u    |  22 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| koi8u_bin             | koi8u    |  75 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| gb2312_chinese_ci     | gb2312   |  24 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| gb2312_bin            | gb2312   |  86 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| greek_general_ci      | greek    |  25 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| greek_bin             | greek    |  70 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_general_ci     | cp1250   |  26 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_czech_cs       | cp1250   |  34 |         | Yes      |       2 |
| cp1250_croatian_ci    | cp1250   |  44 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_bin            | cp1250   |  66 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1250_polish_ci      | cp1250   |  99 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| gbk_chinese_ci        | gbk      |  28 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| gbk_bin               | gbk      |  87 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin5_turkish_ci     | latin5   |  30 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin5_bin            | latin5   |  78 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| armscii8_general_ci   | armscii8 |  32 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| armscii8_bin          | armscii8 |  64 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8_general_ci       | utf8     |  33 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8_bin              | utf8     |  83 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8_unicode_ci       | utf8     | 192 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_icelandic_ci     | utf8     | 193 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_latvian_ci       | utf8     | 194 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_romanian_ci      | utf8     | 195 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_slovenian_ci     | utf8     | 196 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_polish_ci        | utf8     | 197 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_estonian_ci      | utf8     | 198 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_spanish_ci       | utf8     | 199 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_swedish_ci       | utf8     | 200 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_turkish_ci       | utf8     | 201 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_czech_ci         | utf8     | 202 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_danish_ci        | utf8     | 203 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_lithuanian_ci    | utf8     | 204 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_slovak_ci        | utf8     | 205 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_spanish2_ci      | utf8     | 206 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_roman_ci         | utf8     | 207 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_persian_ci       | utf8     | 208 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_esperanto_ci     | utf8     | 209 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_hungarian_ci     | utf8     | 210 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8_sinhala_ci       | utf8     | 211 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_general_ci       | ucs2     |  35 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| ucs2_bin              | ucs2     |  90 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| ucs2_unicode_ci       | ucs2     | 128 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_icelandic_ci     | ucs2     | 129 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_latvian_ci       | ucs2     | 130 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_romanian_ci      | ucs2     | 131 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_slovenian_ci     | ucs2     | 132 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_polish_ci        | ucs2     | 133 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_estonian_ci      | ucs2     | 134 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_spanish_ci       | ucs2     | 135 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_swedish_ci       | ucs2     | 136 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_turkish_ci       | ucs2     | 137 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_czech_ci         | ucs2     | 138 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_danish_ci        | ucs2     | 139 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_lithuanian_ci    | ucs2     | 140 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_slovak_ci        | ucs2     | 141 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_spanish2_ci      | ucs2     | 142 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_roman_ci         | ucs2     | 143 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_persian_ci       | ucs2     | 144 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_esperanto_ci     | ucs2     | 145 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_hungarian_ci     | ucs2     | 146 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| ucs2_sinhala_ci       | ucs2     | 147 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| cp866_general_ci      | cp866    |  36 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp866_bin             | cp866    |  68 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| keybcs2_general_ci    | keybcs2  |  37 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| keybcs2_bin           | keybcs2  |  73 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| macce_general_ci      | macce    |  38 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| macce_bin             | macce    |  43 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| macroman_general_ci   | macroman |  39 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| macroman_bin          | macroman |  53 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp852_general_ci      | cp852    |  40 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp852_bin             | cp852    |  81 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_estonian_cs    | latin7   |  20 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_general_ci     | latin7   |  41 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_general_cs     | latin7   |  42 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| latin7_bin            | latin7   |  79 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8mb4_general_ci    | utf8mb4  |  45 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8mb4_bin           | utf8mb4  |  46 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf8mb4_unicode_ci    | utf8mb4  | 224 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_icelandic_ci  | utf8mb4  | 225 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_latvian_ci    | utf8mb4  | 226 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_romanian_ci   | utf8mb4  | 227 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_slovenian_ci  | utf8mb4  | 228 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_polish_ci     | utf8mb4  | 229 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_estonian_ci   | utf8mb4  | 230 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_spanish_ci    | utf8mb4  | 231 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_swedish_ci    | utf8mb4  | 232 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_turkish_ci    | utf8mb4  | 233 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_czech_ci      | utf8mb4  | 234 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_danish_ci     | utf8mb4  | 235 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_lithuanian_ci | utf8mb4  | 236 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_slovak_ci     | utf8mb4  | 237 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_spanish2_ci   | utf8mb4  | 238 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_roman_ci      | utf8mb4  | 239 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_persian_ci    | utf8mb4  | 240 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_esperanto_ci  | utf8mb4  | 241 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_hungarian_ci  | utf8mb4  | 242 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf8mb4_sinhala_ci    | utf8mb4  | 243 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| cp1251_bulgarian_ci   | cp1251   |  14 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_ukrainian_ci   | cp1251   |  23 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_bin            | cp1251   |  50 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_general_ci     | cp1251   |  51 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1251_general_cs     | cp1251   |  52 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf16_general_ci      | utf16    |  54 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf16_bin             | utf16    |  55 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf16_unicode_ci      | utf16    | 101 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_icelandic_ci    | utf16    | 102 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_latvian_ci      | utf16    | 103 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_romanian_ci     | utf16    | 104 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_slovenian_ci    | utf16    | 105 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_polish_ci       | utf16    | 106 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_estonian_ci     | utf16    | 107 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_spanish_ci      | utf16    | 108 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_swedish_ci      | utf16    | 109 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_turkish_ci      | utf16    | 110 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_czech_ci        | utf16    | 111 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_danish_ci       | utf16    | 112 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_lithuanian_ci   | utf16    | 113 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_slovak_ci       | utf16    | 114 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_spanish2_ci     | utf16    | 115 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_roman_ci        | utf16    | 116 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_persian_ci      | utf16    | 117 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_esperanto_ci    | utf16    | 118 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_hungarian_ci    | utf16    | 119 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf16_sinhala_ci      | utf16    | 120 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| cp1256_general_ci     | cp1256   |  57 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1256_bin            | cp1256   |  67 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1257_lithuanian_ci  | cp1257   |  29 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1257_bin            | cp1257   |  58 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp1257_general_ci     | cp1257   |  59 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf32_general_ci      | utf32    |  60 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| utf32_bin             | utf32    |  61 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| utf32_unicode_ci      | utf32    | 160 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_icelandic_ci    | utf32    | 161 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_latvian_ci      | utf32    | 162 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_romanian_ci     | utf32    | 163 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_slovenian_ci    | utf32    | 164 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_polish_ci       | utf32    | 165 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_estonian_ci     | utf32    | 166 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_spanish_ci      | utf32    | 167 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_swedish_ci      | utf32    | 168 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_turkish_ci      | utf32    | 169 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_czech_ci        | utf32    | 170 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_danish_ci       | utf32    | 171 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_lithuanian_ci   | utf32    | 172 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_slovak_ci       | utf32    | 173 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_spanish2_ci     | utf32    | 174 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_roman_ci        | utf32    | 175 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_persian_ci      | utf32    | 176 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_esperanto_ci    | utf32    | 177 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_hungarian_ci    | utf32    | 178 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| utf32_sinhala_ci      | utf32    | 179 |         | Yes      |       8 |
| binary                | binary   |  63 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| geostd8_general_ci    | geostd8  |  92 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| geostd8_bin           | geostd8  |  93 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| cp932_japanese_ci     | cp932    |  95 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| cp932_bin             | cp932    |  96 |         | Yes      |       1 |
| eucjpms_japanese_ci   | eucjpms  |  97 | Yes     | Yes      |       1 |
| eucjpms_bin           | eucjpms  |  98 |         | Yes      |       1 |

İpucu

Collate İfadesi İle Atanmış Olan Collation Değiştirilebilir

MySQL'de  order by, select, group by , where gibi bazı yerlerde karşılaştırma veya sıralama yaparken varolan collation değeri değiştirilebilmektedir. Bunun için collate ifadesi kullanılır : 

 

SELECT k FROM t1 ORDER BY k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

SELECT k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci AS k1 FROM t1 ORDER BY k1;

SELECT k FROM t1 GROUP BY k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

SELECT MAX(k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci) FROM t1;

SELECT DISTINCT k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci FROM t1;

SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci = k;

SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE k LIKE _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

SELECT k FROM t1 GROUP BY k HAVING k = _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

 

 


İpucu

Collate İfadesi İle Atanmış Olan Collation Değiştirilebilir

MySQL'de  order by, select, group by , where gibi bazı yerlerde karşılaştırma veya sıralama yaparken varolan collation değeri değiştirilebilmektedir. Bunun için collate ifadesi kullanılır : 

 

SELECT k FROM t1 ORDER BY k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

SELECT k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci AS k1 FROM t1 ORDER BY k1;

SELECT k FROM t1 GROUP BY k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

SELECT MAX(k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci) FROM t1;

SELECT DISTINCT k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci FROM t1;

SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci = k;

SELECT * FROM t1 WHERE k LIKE _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

SELECT k FROM t1 GROUP BY k HAVING k = _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;

 

 


İpucu

MySQL'de Türkçe Karakterlerin Veritabanına Soru İşareti (?) Olarak Eklenmesi

MySQL'de Linux sunucularında tüm bağlantı vb.. ayarları UTF-8 yapılsa dahi veritabanına Türkçe karakterler ? ile ekleniyor olabilir. Bu durumun çözülmesi için MySQL'in server ayarlarını değiştirmek gerekir. 
 
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
 
ve 
 
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
 
Komutlarıyla mysql'de character_set ve collation değişkenlerinin varsayılan değerlerinin ne olduğu kontrol edilebilir. Örneğin MySQL 5.5 versiyonu için aşağıdaki bilgiler gelmektedir 
 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
 
 
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'collation%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name        | Value             |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci   |
| collation_database   | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server     | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
 
Türkçe karakterlerin ? işareti şeklinde eklenmesini engellemek için /etc içindeki my.conf dosyasındaki [mysqld] bölümün altına iki satır eklemek gerekir (character_set_server ve collation-server ifadeleri farklı mysql versyonlarında değişik olabilir. Yukarıdaki sorguyla kontrol ediniz) :
 
[mysqld]
...
character_set_server=utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
 
my.conf değiştirdikten sonra mysql'i restart etmeniz gerekmektedir. 
 
Bu değişiklikten sonra ? işareti ile yazma problemi çözülecektir. 

İpucu

MYSQL için JDBC URL'e UTF-8 Desteği Ekleyerek Türkçe Karakter Problemini Çözebilirsiniz

MYSQL'e gönderilen Türkçe karakterler başarılı bir şekilde iletilmiyor ise JDBC URL'line aşağıdaki parametreleri ekleyebilirsiniz : 

useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

Örneğin URL'in aşağıdaki gibi olur : 

jdbc:mysql://server_adi/database_adi?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8

Bu şekilde MySQL'e gönderilen karakter verilerin doğru UTF-8 olmasını sağlayabilirsiniz. 

Not : MySQL Server'ın varsayılan encoding'inin , schema'nın ve tablodaki gerekli olan sütunlarında da UTF-8 yapılmış olması da gerekir. 

 





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